Automation in Glass Development

Efficient materials development through digital workflows

Development of new technical glasses


Glass has played an important role in human life for over two millennia, from traditional applications such as kitchenware and windows to innovative high-tech applications in optical systems, bioactive implants, and energy materials. Despite its long history, only a limited number of glass compositions have been discovered or thoroughly researched. The production and introduction of new multifunctional glasses is often time-consuming and expensive.

To accelerate this resource-intensive development process, Fraunhofer ISC has designed and implemented a robot-controlled process line for automated glass development. All process data is captured via digital interfaces, analyzed, and integrated into a digital workflow to make the development of new glass compositions more efficient.


The automation approach

Automated glass development enables precise, reproducible, and systematic exploration of glass systems. Automatically produced glass samples provide extensive data on mechanical, thermal, and chemical properties, such as:

  • Elastic modulus
  • Solubility
  • Glass transition temperature

These data form the foundation for data-driven materials development, improve process quality, and enable optimized, digital materials research. With this approach, Fraunhofer ISC lays the groundwork for making the development of new technical glasses faster, more efficient, and scientifically robust.

The screening apparatus

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The robot-controlled process line is worldwide unique and covers four main process steps, which are handled by a robot and controlled by a main control station.


These four steps are:

  1.  Mixing and weighing of up to 14 glass components
  2.  Powder homogenization via robot mixing procedure
  3.  Heating and melting with 3 inline furnaces up to 1700 °C
  4.  Casting and controlled cooling with a special designed 3 zones cooling furnace

The robot autonomously performs these process steps using different types of gripping tools and several automated routines. All data (e.g. weighing results) are recorded digitally and reported during the entire process. The high level of automation facilitates up to 20 glass samples per day (depending on complexity of the glass composition) to be produced. Based on all data, the process line will be optimized through a feedback loop, generated by a digital twin, which is connected to the digital workflow and localized on a central material data server.